91PORNA

Doctoral Candidate Brochure: Fabrizio Apodaca

Doctoral Dissertation Defense
of
Fabrizio Apodaca

For the Degree of

Doctor of Education

Interprofessional Leadership

Designed to Strain: How Secondary School Athletic Healthcare Systems Maintain Function

June 22, 2026

10 a.m.

Via Microsoft Teams

Meeting ID: 276 103 902 811 697

Passcode: aw2qN9FP 

Designed to Strain: How Secondary School Athletic Healthcare Systems Maintain Function

The purpose of the study was to understand perceptions and experiences of athletic trainers, athletic directors, and coaches regarding the sufficiency of athletic healthcare in secondary schools within the National Athletic Trainers’ Association’s Great Lakes region. A convergent mixed-methods design was used in the study, specifically, cohort-level participant interviews and surveys.

Participants reported several difficulties and barriers to delivering athletic healthcare in secondary schools, including high care demands, varying structural characteristics, and staffing struggles. Despite this, the findings indicate that stakeholders perceive athletic healthcare as sufficient. However, this perception is maintained by a Compensatory Athletic Healthcare Model, in which athletic trainers’ self-sacrifice, adapt informally, and overextend themselves to keep the athletic healthcare system functioning. These findings suggest that apparent system sufficiency may depend less on optimized healthcare structures and more on the sustained compensatory efforts of athletic trainers.

About the Candidate

Fabrizio Apodaca

M.S.A.T, Master of Science in Athletic Training
Ohio University, 2014

B.S., Athletic Training
California State University, Northridge, 2012

Fabrizio is a certified athletic trainer with over 13 years of experience in secondary school athletics and currently serves in a hospital outreach model supporting high school student-athletes. In addition to clinical practice, Fabrizio serves as an adjunct faculty member and mentors future athletic trainers through teaching, clinical education, and professional development. Following graduation, he plans to continue advancing research and policy initiatives that strengthen secondary school athletic healthcare while pursuing leadership and faculty roles in higher education.

Doctoral Dissertation Committee

Co-Directors

Jeffery L. Huston
Professor
Athletic Training
College of Public Health and Health Sciences

Kimberly S. Peer
Professor
Athletic Training
College of Public Health and Health Sciences

Members

Lynette Philips
Professor
Epidemiology and Biostatistics
College of Public Health and Health Sciences

Natasha Levinson
Associate Professor
Cultural Foundations and Education
College of Education and Human Services

Graduate Faculty Representative

Hannah Harnar
Assistant Professor
Athletic Training
College of Public Health and Health Sciences